t has been my pleasure to have spent years compiling research to share with fellow reindeer owners and veterinarians I hope this serves our reindeer community well.
THE INFORMATION IS FOR REINDEER SPECIFIC CONDITIONS AND IS NOT INTENDED TO REPLACE LICENSED VETERINARIAN CARE!
ANESTHESIA -manufacturers, sedation, full general anesthesia
https://www.ivis.org/library/zoological-restraint-and-anesthesia/anesthesia-of-north-american-deer?LA=1 Anesthesia (Cervids)
https://www.ivis.org/library/zoological-restraint-and-anesthesia Anesthesia (Cervids)
https://www.jwildlifedis.org/doi/pdf/10.7589/0090-3558-45.2.457 Anesthesia (Cervids)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28330727/ BAM
gov/pmc/articles/PMC6526489/ BAM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vc5MvCcrsx0 BAM video usage
https://patents.google.com/patent/US7795263B2/en BAM
https://eurekamag.com/research/002/952/002952934.php sedation, immobilization and anesthesia of Reindeer
https://www.jstor.org/stable/20096245 Medetomidine-Ketamine in Reindeer Effective Immobilization by hand or dart
AUDIOLOGY (Hearing) in reindeer
ANTLERS
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0230168 rapid growth
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-79050-2 cannibalism
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0003347264900612 dominance/subordination
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs004420050186 visual indicators
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X18307867 DNA from ancient reindeer
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305049197001831 hormone cycles affecting growth
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s002650050524 antler asymmetry
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00442-019-04347-7 antler growth and pregnancy
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1634960/ antlers and correlation to sperm production
BABESIA
Treatment protocol Bronx Zoo herd
https://www.jstor.org/stable/20460568
BLOOD (Hematology) Counts, Values, Circulation and Volumes
https://www.science.org/content/article/170-year-old-mystery-solved-why-deer-have-deformed-blood-cells-just-some-people 170 mystery and deer blood cells
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12945.x Adaptive body regulations
https://www.jwildlifedis.org/doi/10.7589/0090-3558-42.2.249 Anemia in reindeer
https://theconversation.com/us/topics/reindeer-22738 Reindeer The Conversation recent news
https://site.uit.no/rangifer/en/rangifer-9/ Reindeer only peer reviewed clearinghouses
https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/3718 Blood flow pathophysiology and TBV equations & arteriol and vascular regulations
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236140325_Biochemical_and_hematologic_reference_values_for_free-ranging_chemically_immobilized_wild_Norwegian_reindeer_Rangifer_Tarandus_Tarandus_during_early_winter reference values for chemical immobilization
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45436837_Blood_composition_of_the_reindeer_II_Blood_chemistry blood chemistry
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/146 preservation in 70% ethanol solution
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2321339/ clinically normal and sick reindeer
https://reindeer.salrm.uaf.edu/resources/circulars/MP90-4.pdf health aide manual UAF download
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0300962980901863 Nutritional effects on haematology and blood chemistry
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0300962980901863 seasonal effects on haematology and blood chemistry
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45436837_Blood_composition_of_the_reindeer_II_Blood_chemistry blood composition II reindeer
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/the-american-physiological-society/exercise-induced-changes-in-blood-composition-of-racing-reindeer-2x8VX10PMT exercise induced changes in blood composition in reindeer
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0300962972900758 Fibrinogen concentration in reindeer blood
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1764194/ Wet belly in reindeer relation to body condition, tempature, and blood constituent
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/08b8/6a24dcbe1962743170cb14f1b0cd40088f08.pdf Pregnancy lab values in reindeer
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9871342/ Pregnancy lab values in reindeer
https://www.biopryn.com/?gclid=CjwKCAjw97P5BRBQEiwAGflV6c3x6AwEGTrbLyarhi8DJ5zNuGXWyDclCkirPLst7YzFuPOkioWvZRoCtkwQAvD_BwE Pregnancy testing (reindeer)
https://www.herdhealthdiagnostics.com/ Pregnancy testing (reindeer)
BREEDING
https://bmcecol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12898-020-00312-8 breeding responses time and climate
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rspb.2005.3393 good mother cows live longer
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3803058?seq=1 sex ratio male age in calving
https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1017/S0952836904005382 social rank effects on body mass antler size females
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00442-008-0961-x heterogeneity overrides reproduction females
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2002.01509.x reproductive success males in herd w/varying sex ratio
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378432000001007 reproduction in females
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00442-009-1443-5 female age reproduction output
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/590414 allocating protein to reproduction
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0207944 Diversity and BovineHD beadchip
https://academic.oup.com/jas/pages/reindeer Depo Provera
Rut and Depo Provera (medroxyprogesterone) use
https://academic.oup.com/tas/article/2/suppl_1/S94/5108346 dosing for unmanagable bulls
https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1017/S0952836903004114 age, density, sex ratio on reproductive effort in bull reindeer
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0003347264901174 rutting behavior in reindeer bulls
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0003347264900612 Dominance
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/502811 female winter protein storage
https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1973.tb05065.x Insemination AI in reindeer by Dr. Bott
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00442-009-1443-5 Pregnancy
https://www.herdhealthdiagnostics.com/ Pregnancy testing (reindeer)
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/08b8/6a24dcbe1962743170cb14f1b0cd40088f08.pdf Pregnancy lab values in reindeer
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9871342/ Pregnancy lab values in reindeer
https://www.herdhealthdiagnostics.com/ Pregnancy testing (reindeer)
https://veteriankey.com/reindeer-reproductive-management/ Reindeer Reproductive Management
CARDIOLOGY Reindeer ECGs https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/697708/#:~:text=Left%20ventricular%20volumes%20and%20functioning%20of%20the%20reindeer,determinations%20of%20arterial%20pressure%20and%20blood%20oxygen%20saturation. left ventricule volumes of reindeer heart
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45436792_Characteristics_of_the_reindeer_electrocardiogram ECG rates and rhythms
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1764187/ telemetry to study heart rates in calves
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/553184/ Normal ECG in adult reindeer
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1258/002367779780937924 ECG of the reindeer Sage journals
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/522523/ Observations on circulatory adjustments in newborn Reindeer and Elk
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/728032/ Pulmonary circulation in Reindeer
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-heart-rates-of-8-reindeer-calves-in-relation-to-different-behavior-catagories-Data_fig2_10919105 The heart rates in 8 reineer calves in relation to different behavior
https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-wildlife-diseases/volume-15/issue-3/0090-3558-15.3.433/AN-INVESTIGATION-OF-ARTERIAL-DISEASE-IN-ALASKAN-REINDEER-AND-CARIBOU/10.7589/0090-3558-15.3.433.pdf An investigation of arterial disease in Alaskan Reindeer and Caribou
CALVES, calving & reindeer milk
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/030096299290033M blood chemistry of reindeer calves
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2104532/#:~:text=%20Fatal%20inanition%20in%20reindeer%20%28%20Rangifer%20tarandus,and%20availability%2C%20and%20weight%20loss%20in...%20More%20 fatal inanition in emaciated calve carcasses
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf801120a phenolic compounds &derivatives bovine & reindeer b-lactoglobulin
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z94-127 effects on energy condition and nutrition on milk production
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/635 experimental calving 1970-85
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0195603 winter & spring synchrony of calving
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z62-078 growth studies of reindeer babies
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3803040?seq=1 caving avoidances
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00040851.1983.12004333 calve time, growth rate body size
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/488 effects of insect harassment on calf growth and weight
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z94-127 improved nutrition improved milk quality weight growth in calves
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/476 improved nutrition improved milk quality weight growth in calves
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003347289800806 mother dominance and investment in calves
https://equimanagement.com/articles/madigan-foal-squeeze-procedure-neonatal-maladjustment-syndrome-27269/ Madigan Foal Squeeze
CWD and reindeer
https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.045302deer CoV-2 & SARs in mammals submitted by Denise Hardy
https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13567-016-0375-4 CWD
https://chronic-wasting-disease.blogspot.com/2019/02/norway-no-cwd-found-in-wild-reindeer.html CWD
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0039055 CWD published journels
https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13567-016-0375-4 CWD Norway study in reindeer
Lichen V.S. the Almighty Prion
http://www.prion.ucl.ac.uk/clinic-services/information/prion-disease/ Prions
DENTAL
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3565648?seq=1 Tooth wear
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8248135/ Judging a reindeer by its teeth age estimating age
DISEASES
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/11/10/04-1329_article Anaplasmosis in whitetail deer.
https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-zoo-and-wildlife-medicine/volume-40/issue-1/2008-0011.1/Diagnosis-and-Treatment-of-Babesia-odocoilei-in-Captive-Reindeer-Rangifer/10.1638/2008-0011.1.short Babesia treatment in captive reindeer Bronx NY zoo protocol
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304401715002 PCR blod testing
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321791/ Babesia diagnosis
Babesia ONLY RX under veterinary supervision
https://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/product/canine/Imizol/1 Imizol (imidocarb dipropionate) 120mg/ml MSDS and data sheet
https://meridian.allenpress.com/jwd/article/26/2/186/117631/AN-EPIZOOTIC-OF-BESNOITIOSIS-IN-CAPTIVE-CARIBOU Besnoitia in reindeer and caribou
https://www.pgc.pa.gov/Wildlife/Wildlife-RelatedDiseases/Pages/BrainAbscessSyndrome.aspx#:~:text=Brain%20abscess%20often%20form%20when,brain%20where%20the%20abscess%20forms. Brain abscesses (whitetail)
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/797 BVD
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4538952/ Capture Myopathy
http://deerfarmer.com/wiki/infectious-diseases-affecting-reindeer-cervids#:~:text=Infectious%20Diseases%20Affecting%20Reindeer%20and%20Other%20Cervids%20%7C,Canada.%20Before%20establishing%20a%20new%20arming%20herd%2C%20reindeer deer farmer multiple search
https://meridian.allenpress.com/jwd/article/43/4/576/124130 Giardia
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016648011001432 Glucocorticosteroids following adrenocortictropic hormone challenges
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3274481/ Herpesvirus in reindeer Alphaherpesvirus w/ dexamethasone treatment
https://meridian.allenpress.com/jwd/article/49/2/261/121653/GAMMAHERPESVIRUS-INFECTION-IN-SEMIDOMESTICATED MCF Gammaherpesvirus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2786388/ Herpesvirus 2 immunized with seroconversion and no abortions
http://deerfarmer.com/wiki/infectious-diseases-affecting-reindeer-cervids Infectious diseases affecting reindeer deer farmer topic ssearch
https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1751-0147-48-7 multiple disease with protocol treatments sheets download
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/9/1007 Keratoconjunctivitis in reindeer
https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12917-018-1338-y.pdf?site=bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com Keratoconjunctivitis in reindeer
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4828894/ Keratoconjunctivitis in reindeer
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3384455/ Listeriosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1039863/ Ophthalmomyiasis warble fly
https://aem.asm.org/content/69/11/6808.short Oscillospira
https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-2-79 Parapoxvirus and reindeer
https://u.osu.edu/sheep/2018/07/17/work-on-this-4/ P. Tenius in reindeer
http://www.shagbarkridge.com/info/menin.html P. Tenius in reindeer
https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/vir.0.018374-0?crawler=true Pseudocowpox
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8266898/ Rabies in reindeer
DOMESTICATION HISTORY
https://www.aaha.org/publications/newstat/articles/2014-12/reindeer-current-research-how-they-came-to-north-america-and-the-origin-of-the-red-nose-myth/ Arrival of reindeer in North America by UAF & books on domestication
https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=p7IVAQAAIAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA87 Arrival of reindeer in North America by UAF & books on domestication
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2001.tb01218.x online article domestication
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248412001388 online article domestication
https://www.jstor.org/stable/662759?seq=1 Domestication of reindeer
Eskimo, Inuit and Saami reindeer history
https://core.tdar.org/document/114949/eskimos-reindeer-and-land
https://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1257&context=ealr
https://anthrosource.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1525/aa.1945.47.3.02a00030
https://www.reindeer.alaska.edu/resources/circulars/B81.pdf
DNA
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1040618210003137 Ancient reindeer DNA
https://myewa.org genetics testing
https://vgl.ucdavis.edu/ DNA testing reindeer
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-65487-y reindeer genome sequencing
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/364/6446/eaav6312.full.pdf biological adaption on artic cervids download
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-81668-9 Metagenomic analysis of reindeer rumen
https://academic.oup.com/gigascience/article/6/12/gix102/4562806 Draft genome of the reindeer
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rspb.2008.0332 Independent domestication genetic analyses
https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/36/Supplement_1/i177/5870500?login=true efficient indexing of k-mer presence and abundance in sequencing
https://wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jwmg.21761 Geneticas (Svalbard reindeer)
https://bioone.org/journals/arctic-antarctic-and-alpine-research/volume-44/issue-4/1938-4246-44.4.483/Response-Behaviors-of-Svalbard-Reindeer-TOwards-Humans-and-Humans-Disguised/10.1657/1938-4246-44.4.483.full Geneticas (Svalbard reindeer)
https://wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jwmg.21761 Geneticas (Svalbard reindeer)
https://eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-12/nuos-srp112819.php Geneticas (Svalbard reindeer)
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/364/6446/eaav6312.full Biological diversity
EHD (epizoonoticHemmorhagic disease)
EPIDEMIOLOGY
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0169475886900530
www.wormx.info American Consortium for small ruminant parasite control info provided by Cindy Phillips
ENDOCRINOLOGY of reindeer
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0093691X04002651
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0742841398100105 metabolic hormone levels males and female reindeer
https://academic.oup.com/jas/pages/reindeer Depo Provera
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0742841398100105 metabolic hormone levels males and female reindeer
https://www.herdhealthdiagnostics.com/ Pregnancy testing (reindeer)
Rut and Depo Provera (medroxyprogesterone) use
https://academic.oup.com/tas/article/2/suppl_1/S94/5108346 dosing for unmanagable bulls
https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1017/S0952836903004114 age, density, sex ratio on reproductive effort in bull reindeer
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0003347264901174 rutting behavior in reindeer bulls
EVOLUTION
https://www.science.org/content/article/how-reindeer-evolved-survive-freezing-arctic-winters
FAMACHA online certification
https://www.pcsreg.com/learn-integrated-parasite-control-and-get-certified-in-famacha
FECAL tests, testing & labs
Nick Morrows lab https://m.facebook.com/hooveshumpsandhorns/
The modified Wisconsin sugar floatation technique
https://www.midamericaagresearch.net
https://vetmed.oregonstate.edu
Liver flukes testing
GASTROENTEROLOGY (Stomach) pathology and problems
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00248-007-9254-x Novel Rumen bacteria diversity based on regions Rumen and rumen bacteria
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00248-008-9414-7 rumen microbiome of Norwaay pastures
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00114-009-0639-1 Microbial degradation of usnic acid in reindeer
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00114-008-0381-0 novel usnic acid resistant bacterium in reindeer rumen
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/771 rumen summer winter changes captive herds
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2615018/ setariosis with peritonitis
GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES & INFECTIONS
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31027604/ Fennoscandia and calves
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ivar_Folstad2/publication/14353287_Gastrointestinal_nematodes_depress_food_intake_in_naturally_infected_reindeer/links/55081d7b0cf26ff55f7ffd9b/Gastrointestinal-nematodes-depress-food-intake-in-naturally-infected-reindeer.pdf GI nematodes and depresssed food inatke
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3565877?seq=1 male reindeer intact and higher abundance of 2nd & 3rd Instar larve
http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/SafetyHealth/ucm462969.htm?source=govdelivery&utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery FDA approved antiparasitic drugs with amounts
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/parasitology/article/abs/comparative-studies-on-the-biology-and-morphology-of-echinococcus-granulosus-from-domestic-livestock-moose-and-reindeer/2E9D8F17EBE5D3B3107CFD0CDC0C1D29 Echinococcus granulosus - tapeworm
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31027604/ Fennoscandia and calves
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ivar_Folstad2/publication/14353287_Gastrointestinal_nematodes_depress_food_intake_in_naturally_infected_reindeer/links/55081d7b0cf26ff55f7ffd9b/Gastrointestinal-nematodes-depress-food-intake-in-naturally-infected-reindeer.pdf GI nematodes and depresssed food inatke
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3565877?seq=1 male reindeer intact and higher abundance of 2nd & 3rd Instar larve
https://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/blogs.cornell.edu/dist/e/7832/files/2017/11/New_Worm_Control_Strategies-pt3-resized-sulvvd.pdf Haemonchus Contortus (Barberpole) blog research from Cornell University
https://www.bioworma.com/ Haemonchus Contortus (barber pole) pasture management
http://deerfarmer.com/wiki/reindeer-parasites#:~:text=Reindeer%20suffer%20from%20infestations%20of%20numerous%20internal%20parasites.,away%20from%20infected%20carcasses%20and%20from%20reindeer%20pastures. Parasites in reindeer deer farmer search database
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rspb.2002.2064 parasites in reindeer abstract only
https://bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1136/vr.160.24.835 Parasitic pertonitis
https://www.wormx.info/anthelmintic-resistance Parasite resistance
https://nodpa.com/files/Sustainable_Mngmnt_of_Internal_Parasites_Feb_2005.pdf Parasite control in small ruminants
http://midamericaagresearch.net/instructions.php?gclid=CjwKCAjw97P5BRBQEiwAGflV6cyiQjFhJSDTvlbLEMYHtxrf-_4BVl8al_typB1s-DdrOlhh7BBXzRoCcVYQAvD_BwE Parasite testing facilities if veterinary testing thru Iddexis unavailable provided by Emma Cusson
HERDING
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ari_Laakso/publication/268419618_THE_ANOMALIES_OF_CONTEMPORARY_REINDEER_HERDING_MANAGEMENT_AND_SUPPORTING_REINDEER_RESEARCH_THE_NEED_FOR_A_NEW_PARADIGM/links/57456f7e08ae298602f76a11.pdf Anomalies of contemporary herding mngt
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2000.tb00323.x human role in reindeer system
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13280-012-0257-6 climate change reindeer husbandry challenges
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z90-107 Herd socialization & behaviorism Social organization special reference among females
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00265-004-0827-0 reproductive effort in relation to female rank
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/687 Behavioural lateralisation
IMPORTATION
https://www.cga.ct.gov/2009/rpt/2009-R-0170.htm Importation of reindeer (USA only)
MEDICATIONS (reindeer are "off label" DO NOT USE without veterinary authorization)
https://www.durvet.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Duramycin-72-200_100mL_250mL_500mL.pdf oxytetracycline 200mg/ml MSDS
https://www.durvet.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/duramycin72-200_500mL_norbrook_0219.pdf oxytetracycline 200mg/ml MSDS
https://www.durvet.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Duramycin-72-200_Norbrook_062904_SDS.pdf oxytetracycline 200mg/ml MSDS
https://www.durvet.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Penicillin-Injectable-DV-norbrook-sds-11-22-10.pdf PCN G MSDS
https://www.drugs.com/vet/prevail-flunixin-meglumine-injection.html Prevail Flunixin Meglumine (banamine) 50mg/ml MSDS
https://www.durvet.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Ivermectin-Injectable_Bimeda_102815_SDS.pdf Ivermectin Inj !% MSDS
https://www.durvet.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/ivermectin-inj_50mL_250mL_500mL.pdf Ivermectin Inj !% MSDS
https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13028-014-0076-9 Ivermectin usage information
https://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/product/imizol Imizol ( Imidocarb Dipropionate ) BABESIA treatment medication
https://vetagrostore.com/index.php?_route_=Imochem-120-imidocarb-dipropionate-100ml Imochem (Imidocarb dipropionate) from Bulgeria when Merek USA is on backorder both require RX from vet
https://www.midwestvetsupply.com/item/296.05800.1/Bovine-Ecolizer-10-Dose-100-ml/#:~:text=Bovine%20Ecolizer%20is%20use%20in%20newborn%20calves%20as,of%20colibacillosis%20caused%20by%20K99%20piliated%20Escherichia%20coli. Ecoli paste given in first 12 hrs of birth
Microchips
https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/files/final_submissions/4120
NUTRITION
http://deerfarmer.com/wiki/reindeer-feeding-nutritional-requirements Feeding reindeer Deer farmer search
https://pims.purinamills.com/BusinessLi Mazuri Reindeer Pellet chart
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z70-164 seasonal changes in energy and nirogen intake
https://pims.purinamills.com/BusinessLi Mazuri Reindeer Pellet chart
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z70-164 seasonal changes in energy and nirogen intake
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0024282902903944 Lichen nutritional values
www.conklin.com/product-catalog/animal-products/fastrack-microbial-pack Probiotics provided by Carol Borton
https://www.conklin.com/product-catalog/animal-products/fastrackr-ruminant-microbial-gel-ultra Probiotics provided by Carol Borton
https://www.conklin.com/product-catalog/animal-products/fastrackr-jump-starttm-gel Probiotics provided by Carol Borton
OPTHALMOLOGY eyesight info
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/9/1007 Keratoconjunctivitis in reindeer
https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12917-018-1338-y.pdf?site=bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com Keratoconjunctivitis in reindeer
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4828894/ Keratoconjunctivitis in reindeer
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1039863/ Ophthalmomyiasis warble fly
https://aem.asm.org/content/69/11/6808.short Oscillospira
https://jeb.biologists.org/content/214/12/2014 Reindeer's unique eyesight with summer & winter shifts
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2013.2451 Reindeer's unique eyesight with summer & winter shifts
PARASITES (external)
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2007.15390.x Warble fly
http://deerfarmer.com/wiki/reindeer-parasites#:~:text=Reindeer%20suffer%20from%20infestations%20of%20numerous%20internal%20parasites.,away%20from%20infected%20carcasses%20and%20from%20reindeer%20pastures. Parasites in reindeer deer farmer search database
https://bioone.org/journals/journal-of-zoo-and-wildlife-medicine/volume-40/issue-1/2008-0011.1/Diagnosis-and-Treatment-of-Babesia-odocoilei-in-Captive-Reindeer-Rangifer/10.1638/2008-0011.1.short Babesia treatment in captive reindeer Bronx NY zoo protocol
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304401715002 PCR blod testing
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3321791/ Babesia diagnosis
Babesia ONLY RX under veterinary supervision
https://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/product/canine/Imizol/1 Imizol (imidocarb dipropionate) 120mg/ml MSDS and data sheet
https://vetagrostore.com/index.php?_route_=Imochem-120-imidocarb-dipropionate-100ml Imizol (imidocarb dipropionate) 120mg/ml MSDS and data sheet
http://deerfarmer.com/wiki/reindeer-parasites#:~:text=Reindeer%20suffer%20from%20infestations%20of%20numerous%20internal%20parasites.,away%20from%20infected%20carcasses%20and%20from%20reindeer%20pastures. Parasites in reindeer deer farmer search database
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rspb.2002.2064 parasites in reindeer abstract only
RADIOACTIVITY (Chernobyl) in reindeer
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0265931X05001402l
REINDEER FACT
https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/news/25-days-reindeer Reindeer Facts
http://www.nelsonroadvet.com/articles/large-animal-exotics/reindeer-and-caribou/ Reindeer Facts
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reindeer Reindeer Facts
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9871342/ Reindeer Facts
http://www.ultimateungulate.com/Artiodactyla/Rangifer_tarandus.html Reindeer Facts
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2593925/ Reindeer and human bonds
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.14318/hau2.2.015 Reindeer and human bonds
TAXONOMY of reindeer information
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267856239_Rangifer_population_ecology_A_Scandinavian_perspective reindeer population ecology
http://www.ultimateungulate.com/Artiodactyla/Rangifer_tarandus.html reindeer classifications
TOXOPLASMOSIS
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov in search engine type transplacental toxoplasosis in a reindeer fetus
https://www.frontiersin.org A multi-pathogen screening of captive reindeer
anedotal advice form long time reindeer farmer Dave Aldrich- use of Marquis (ponazuril) in reindeer
"You ask if anyone has usedponazuril in reindeer which rang a bell, so I looked back and two years ago we had a young steer with scours for an extremely long time that we couldn't clear up. No coccidia detected or parasites of any type after numeroustests. Our vet suggested Marquis after everything else has failed. I quickly found out therewas not any Marquis (ponazuril) in the country to be purchased. and nof the suppliers knew when they'd have any. So our vet had some compounded at wedgewood pharmacy in swedesboro, NJ and had it quickly shipped It was recommended we give him 6ml oral paste per day for 5 dyas. After the second doe the scours cleared up completely and didnt return. Now this compounded product is Ponazuril, the same as the name brand Marquis. As I see it, it is used to treat a variety of anikals. What I know it sure worked great for us with whatever we are dealing with. The next year we tried to buy Marquis againn to keep on hand although it is extremely expensive and again no one in the country had any. Last spring we had our vet order us another 30ml tue from the compounder and we have one on hand. Now I see that most of the veterinary pharmaceutical suppliers seem to have it in stock. I dont know if this helps any but we have used it safely in reindeer and wouldn't worry about using it again."
THERMOREGULATION
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/ajpregu.1985.249.5.R617 vascular basis nasal heat exchange
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/ajpregu.1987.253.6.r848 Brain cooling thermoregulation
https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/3718 Blood flow pathophysiology and TBV equations & arteriol and vascular regulations
http://destronfearing.com/our-products/equine/index.html Temperature sensing microchips
https://septentrio.uit.no/index.php/rangifer/article/view/659 thermoregulation
https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/3718 peripheral heterothermia in reindeer
https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1113/jphysiol.1983.sp014772 nasal heat exchange in thermoregulation
https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.4.R1190 panting in reindeer thrmoregulation
VACCINATIONS w/ MSDS (all reindeer medications are "off label" DO NOT USE without veterinary authorization)
https://www.bi-vetmedica.com/sites/default/files/MSDS/bar-guard_99-sds_us-english.pdf BarGuard 99 MSDS sheet download
https://www.bi-vetmedica.com/sites/default/files/MSDS/sds_us_-_bar-vacr_cdt.pdf Bar Vac CD/T MSDS
https://www.bi-vetmedica.com/sites/default/files/dam/internet/ah/vetmedica/com_EN/product_files/bar-vac/barvac_CDT_label.pdf Bar Vac usage label
http://www.thepeakofquality.com/bovi-sera-serum-antibodies/ Bovi Sera serum antibodies
http://www.thepeakofquality.com/safety-data-sheets/ Bovi Sera Serum MSDS sheet
https://www.drugs.com/vet/imrab-large-animal.html Imrab rabies vaccine
https://valleyvet.cvpservice.com/product/view/basic/1114100 Vira Shield 6 + VL5 HB + Somnus respiratory diseases
https://valleyvet.cvpservice.com/product/view/basic/3690342 West Nile Vaccine
https://www.drugs.com/vet/ivomec-1-injection-for-cattle-and-swine.html we give injectable Ivermectin ONLY for P.Tenuous (brainworm, mengeanal worm) every 28 days
VETERINARY REFERENCE ARTICLES / MANUALS
https://cmu.abmi.ca/about/caribou-ecology-and-webinar-series/ Caribou Ecology
https://reindeer.salrm.uaf.edu/resources/circulars/MP90-4.pdf UAF online Reindeer Health Aide Manual
https://www.routledge.com/Reindeer-and-Caribou-Health-and-Disease/Tryland-Kutz/p/book/9781482250688 Reindeer and Caribou disease manual Morten Tryland and Susan Kutz
https://www.jstor.org/stable/40509079?seq=1 Domestic V wild reindeer David Klein
https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=30622598401&cm_mmc=ggl-_-COM_Shopp_Rare-_-naa-_-naa&gclid=CjwKCAiAjeSABhAPEiwAqfxURWIYV95DQ74MUmx5jZRDxOGFEDyMW_dng-qz8na8cZG6xFPG3nzgbxoC2dkQAvD_BwE Proceedings !st International Reindeer SYmposium Jack Lent, Peter Kline, David White, Robert White
https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/ Scandinavian Veterinary Journals
VOCALIZATIONS
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00684.x Nordic rattle vocalizations
WEST NILE VIRUS in reindeer
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/104063870401600307 Abstract
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15650096/ vaccine protocol
https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=155102 vaccine antibodies killed WNV vaccine
http://deerfarmer.com/wiki/reindeer-deaths-from-west-nile-virus deer farmer search area
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/vetscipapers/37/ WNV in reindeer protocol, diagnosis and infection